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General Science Practice Set 01

Authored CAPF-level general science MCQs (physics, chemistry, biology) with answer key and explanations, not verbatim PYQs

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PaperPaper ISubjectGeneral Science

Authored practice, not a verbatim PYQ. Twenty-five CAPF-level questions across everyday physics, chemistry, and biology. Attempt closed-book, then check the key and explanations.

Questions

Q1The SI unit of force is the:
  1. AJoule
  2. BNewton
  3. CPascal
  4. DWatt
Q2Which of the following is the best conductor of electricity?
  1. ASilver
  2. BCopper
  3. CGold
  4. DIron
Q3The deficiency of vitamin C causes:
  1. ARickets
  2. BScurvy
  3. CBeriberi
  4. DPellagra
Q4Which gas is filled in electric bulbs to prevent the filament from burning?
  1. AOxygen
  2. BCarbon dioxide
  3. CNitrogen (an inert gas)
  4. DHydrogen
Q5The pH value of pure water at 25° Celsius is:
  1. A0
  2. B7
  3. C10
  4. D14
Q6Which part of the human eye is responsible for forming an image?
  1. ACornea
  2. BIris
  3. CRetina
  4. DPupil
Q7The chemical formula of washing soda is:
  1. ANaHCO3
  2. BNa2CO3.10H2O
  3. CCaCO3
  4. DNaCl
Q8Which of the following waves cannot travel through a vacuum?
  1. ALight waves
  2. BRadio waves
  3. CX-rays
  4. DSound waves
Q9The functional unit of the kidney is the:
  1. ANeuron
  2. BNephron
  3. CAlveolus
  4. DVillus
Q10Rusting of iron is an example of:
  1. APhysical change
  2. BOxidation
  3. CReduction
  4. DSublimation
Q11Which blood group is called the universal donor?
  1. AA
  2. BB
  3. CAB
  4. DO negative
Q12The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately:
  1. A3 × 108 m/s
  2. B3 × 105 m/s
  3. C3 × 108 km/s
  4. D3 × 103 m/s
Q13Photosynthesis in green plants converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose using:
  1. AHeat energy
  2. BLight energy
  3. CChemical fertilizer
  4. DSound energy
Q14Which acid is present in the human stomach and aids digestion?
  1. ASulphuric acid
  2. BHydrochloric acid
  3. CNitric acid
  4. DCitric acid
Q15The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another is called:
  1. AReflection
  2. BRefraction
  3. CDiffraction
  4. DDispersion

Q16 (statement-based). Consider the following:

  1. The largest organ of the human body is the skin.
  2. The smallest bone in the human body is the stapes, in the ear.
  3. Adult humans normally have 206 bones. Which are correct?
  • (a) 1 and 2 only
  • (b) 2 and 3 only
  • (c) 1 and 3 only
  • (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q17Which of the following is a noble (inert) gas?
  1. AHydrogen
  2. BNitrogen
  3. CArgon
  4. DChlorine
Q18Bats can fly in the dark and avoid obstacles because of:
  1. ASharp eyesight
  2. BEcholocation using ultrasonic sound
  3. CMagnetic sense
  4. DInfrared vision
Q19The process by which a liquid changes into vapour below its boiling point is:
  1. ACondensation
  2. BEvaporation
  3. CSublimation
  4. DFreezing

Q20 (assertion-reason). Assertion (A): A swimming pool appears shallower than its actual depth. Reason (R): Light bends away from the normal when it travels from water to air.

  • (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
  • (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • (c) A is true, R is false
  • (d) A is false, R is true
Q21The element essential for the formation of haemoglobin is:
  1. ACalcium
  2. BIron
  3. CIodine
  4. DPotassium
Q22Which of the following is NOT a fossil fuel?
  1. ACoal
  2. BPetroleum
  3. CNatural gas
  4. DHydrogen
Q23The unit of electrical resistance is the:
  1. AAmpere
  2. BVolt
  3. COhm
  4. DCoulomb
Q24Curd is formed from milk by the action of:
  1. AYeast
  2. BLactobacillus bacteria
  3. CVirus
  4. DFungi spores only
Q25Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?
  1. ACoal
  2. BDiesel
  3. CSolar energy
  4. DNatural gas

Answer key

Reveal the answer key and full worked solutions
Q Answer
1 (b) Newton
2 (a) Silver
3 (b) Scurvy
4 (c) Nitrogen (an inert gas)
5 (b) 7
6 (c) Retina
7 (b) Na2CO3.10H2O
8 (d) Sound waves
9 (b) Nephron
10 (b) Oxidation
11 (d) O negative
12 (a) 3 × 108 m/s
13 (b) Light energy
14 (b) Hydrochloric acid
15 (b) Refraction
16 (d) 1, 2 and 3
17 (c) Argon
18 (b) Echolocation using ultrasonic sound
19 (b) Evaporation
20 (a) Both true, R is the correct explanation
21 (b) Iron
22 (d) Hydrogen
23 (c) Ohm
24 (b) Lactobacillus bacteria
25 (c) Solar energy

Explanations

  • Q1. The newton (N) is the SI unit of force; joule is energy, pascal is pressure, watt is power. See physics everyday.
  • Q2. Silver is the best electrical conductor among the options; copper is the most widely used because it is cheaper. See physics everyday.
  • Q3. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) deficiency causes scurvy (bleeding gums, weakness). See nutrition diseases and health.
  • Q4. Bulbs are filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon to stop the hot tungsten filament from oxidising and burning. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q5. Pure water is neutral with a pH of 7 at 25° Celsius. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q6. The retina is the light-sensitive layer where the inverted real image forms; the cornea and lens focus the light. See human body and systems.
  • Q7. Washing soda is hydrated sodium carbonate, Na2CO3.10H2O; baking soda is NaHCO3. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q8. Sound is a mechanical wave needing a material medium and cannot travel through a vacuum; light, radio and X-rays are electromagnetic and can. See physics everyday.
  • Q9. The nephron is the basic filtering unit of the kidney. See human body and systems.
  • Q10. Rusting is a slow oxidation of iron forming hydrated iron oxide; it is a chemical change. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q11. O negative blood is the universal donor for red-cell transfusion because it lacks A, B and Rh antigens. See human body and systems.
  • Q12. The speed of light is about 3 × 108 metres per second (equivalently 3 × 105 km/s). Option (a) gives the canonical value in m/s. See physics everyday.
  • Q13. Photosynthesis uses light energy (captured by chlorophyll) to make glucose. See biology cell and classification.
  • Q14. The stomach secretes hydrochloric acid, which activates enzymes and kills microbes. See human body and systems.
  • Q15. Refraction is the bending of light when it crosses between media of different optical density. See physics everyday.
  • Q16. All three are correct: skin is the largest organ, the stapes is the smallest bone, and adults have 206 bones. See human body and systems.
  • Q17. Argon is a noble gas (Group 18); hydrogen, nitrogen and chlorine are not. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q18. Bats navigate by echolocation, emitting ultrasonic pulses and sensing the echoes. See physics everyday.
  • Q19. Evaporation is a surface phenomenon that occurs below the boiling point. See physics everyday.
  • Q20. Both true and correctly linked: light from the pool bottom bends away from the normal on leaving the water, so the apparent depth is less than the real depth. See physics everyday.
  • Q21. Iron is the central element of the haem group in haemoglobin; its deficiency causes anaemia. See nutrition diseases and health.
  • Q22. Hydrogen is not a fossil fuel; coal, petroleum and natural gas are formed from buried organic matter. See chemistry everyday.
  • Q23. The ohm is the unit of electrical resistance; ampere is current, volt is potential, coulomb is charge. See physics everyday.
  • Q24. Lactobacillus bacteria ferment milk sugar (lactose) into lactic acid, curdling milk. See biology cell and classification.
  • Q25. Solar energy is renewable; coal, diesel and natural gas are exhaustible fossil sources. See environment and ecology.

Cross-references

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