Revision

Delhi Sultanate Dynasties

The five dynasties of the Delhi Sultanate with founders, key rulers and achievements, for CAPF Paper I revision

CAPF wiki2 min read4 sections
At a glance
SubjectHistory
RevisionHistoryMedieval IndiaDelhi SultanatePaper 1

The Delhi Sultanate (1206 to 1526) was ruled by five successive dynasties. Cover the right columns and recall founder and key rulers. See delhi sultanate.

The five dynasties

Dynasty (Years) Founder Key rulers and notes
Slave / Mamluk (1206 to 1290) Qutb-ud-din Aibak Aibak began the Qutb Minar; Iltutmish completed it and introduced the silver tanka and copper jital; Razia Sultan (first and only woman ruler of Delhi); Balban's "blood and iron" policy and the theory of divine kingship
Khalji (1290 to 1320) Jalal-ud-din Khalji Alauddin Khalji: market (price) control; defeated the Mongols; conquests in the Deccan led by Malik Kafur
Tughlaq (1320 to 1414) Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq: transfer of capital to Daulatabad and token (copper) currency, both failed; Firoz Shah Tughlaq: founded cities, dug canals, imposed jizya more strictly
Sayyid (1414 to 1451) Khizr Khan Weak dynasty; nominal control around Delhi
Lodi (1451 to 1526) Bahlul Lodi Sikandar Lodi founded Agra (1504); Ibrahim Lodi defeated and killed by Babur at the First Battle of Panipat (1526)

Important rulers at a glance

Ruler Remembered for
Qutb-ud-din Aibak First Sultan of Delhi; began the Qutb Minar; called "Lakh Baksh" (giver of lakhs)
Iltutmish Real consolidator; the Iqta system; silver tanka; completed the Qutb Minar
Razia Sultan First woman ruler of the Delhi Sultanate
Balban Strong centralised rule; sijda and paibos court etiquette
Alauddin Khalji Market reforms; revenue measures; Mongol defence; Deccan campaigns
Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq "Wisest fool"; the two famous failed experiments
Firoz Shah Tughlaq Public works; canals; the Diwan-i-Khairat
Ibrahim Lodi Last Sultan; defeated at Panipat (1526)

Administration terms

Term Meaning
Iqta Land or revenue assignment to officers (iqtadars or muqtis)
Diwan-i-Wizarat Finance department under the Wazir
Diwan-i-Arz Military department
Diwan-i-Insha Correspondence
Khalisa Land whose revenue went directly to the Sultan

Cross-references

← BackAll of Revision