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Important Battles in Indian History
Decisive battles of Indian history with year, who fought, and outcome, for CAPF Paper I revision
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At a glance
SubjectHistory
RevisionHistoryAncient IndiaMedieval IndiaModern IndiaBattlesPaper 1
| Battle (Year) |
Who fought |
Outcome |
| Battle of the Hydaspes (326 BCE) |
Alexander vs Porus (Paurava) |
Alexander won; turned back at the Beas soon after |
| Kalinga War (261 BCE) |
Ashoka (Maurya) vs Kalinga |
Ashoka won but the bloodshed turned him to Buddhism |
| Battle of Tarain I (1191) |
Prithviraj Chauhan vs Muhammad Ghori |
Prithviraj won |
| Battle of Tarain II (1192) |
Muhammad Ghori vs Prithviraj Chauhan |
Ghori won; opened the way to Turkish rule in north India |
| Battle of Chandawar (1194) |
Muhammad Ghori vs Jaichand of Kannauj |
Ghori won |
| Battle (Year) |
Who fought |
Outcome |
| First Battle of Panipat (1526) |
Babur vs Ibrahim Lodi |
Babur won; founded the Mughal Empire |
| Battle of Khanwa (1527) |
Babur vs Rana Sanga |
Babur won; consolidated Mughal power |
| Battle of Ghaghra (1529) |
Babur vs Afghans and Bengal |
Babur won |
| Battle of Chausa (1539) and Kannauj (1540) |
Sher Shah Suri vs Humayun |
Sher Shah won; Humayun fled into exile |
| Second Battle of Panipat (1556) |
Akbar (Bairam Khan) vs Hemu |
Mughals won; secured Akbar's throne |
| Battle of Talikota (1565) |
Deccan Sultanates vs Vijayanagara |
Vijayanagara defeated and Hampi sacked |
| Battle of Haldighati (1576) |
Akbar's forces (Man Singh) vs Rana Pratap |
Indecisive; Pratap survived to fight on |
| Battle (Year) |
Who fought |
Outcome |
| Third Battle of Panipat (1761) |
Ahmad Shah Abdali vs Marathas |
Marathas defeated; checked their northward expansion |
| Battle of Plassey (1757) |
Robert Clive (English) vs Siraj-ud-Daula (Bengal) |
English won; foothold in Bengal |
| Battle of Buxar (1764) |
English vs Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daula and Shah Alam II |
English won; led to the Diwani of Bengal (1765) |
| Battles of the Anglo-Mysore Wars (to 1799) |
English vs Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan |
Tipu killed at Seringapatam (1799) |
| Anglo-Maratha Wars (to 1818) |
English vs the Marathas |
Maratha power broken |
| Anglo-Sikh Wars (1845 to 1849) |
English vs the Sikhs |
Punjab annexed (1849) |
- All three Battles of Panipat were fought near the same field: 1526 (Babur), 1556 (Akbar), 1761 (Abdali vs Marathas).
- Plassey (1757) gave the English a foothold; Buxar (1764) gave them real power and the Diwani.
- Talikota (1565) ended the greatness of Vijayanagara.