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Padma and Bharat Ratna Notes

A compact, tabular revision of India's civilian honours, the Bharat Ratna and the three Padma awards, their order, fields, key rules and notable recipients, for CAPF static GK

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RevisionStatic GKAwardsBharat RatnaPadmaPaper 1

One screen per section. Cover the right column and test yourself. The order, the rules and the early recipients of these civilian honours are durable static facts; the latest year's awardees change, so for any recent recipient verify the latest. The military gallantry decorations are on gallantry and civilian awards.

The four civilian honours (in order)

Award Rank Instituted
Bharat Ratna Highest civilian award 1954
Padma Vibhushan Second-highest 1954
Padma Bhushan Third-highest 1954
Padma Shri Fourth-highest 1954

Bharat Ratna: key rules

Rule Detail
For Exceptional service or performance of the highest order in any field
Number per year Conventionally a maximum of three in a year
Form A peepal-leaf-shaped medallion; no monetary grant
Use as a title Recipients may not use it as a prefix or suffix to their name
Posthumous awards Permitted (allowed since 1955; for example, Lal Bahadur Shastri)

Notable Bharat Ratna firsts

Distinction Recipient
First recipients (1954) C Rajagopalachari, Dr S Radhakrishnan, C V Raman
First posthumous recipient Lal Bahadur Shastri (1966)
First woman recipient Indira Gandhi (1971)
First non-Indian recipient Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (1987)
First sportsperson Sachin Tendulkar (2014)
First foreign-born (naturalised context) Mother Teresa (1980)

The Padma awards: framework

Aspect Detail
Announced on Republic Day (26 January) each year
Conferred by The President of India
Fields Art, social work, public affairs, science and engineering, trade and industry, medicine, literature and education, sports, civil service and others
Categories "Padma Vibhushan" for exceptional and distinguished service; "Padma Bhushan" for distinguished service of a high order; "Padma Shri" for distinguished service
Not a title Like the Bharat Ratna, cannot be used as a name prefix or suffix
Point Note
Article 18 Abolishes titles (except military and academic distinctions)
Status of these awards Held by the Supreme Court not to be "titles" barred by Article 18, provided they are not used as name prefixes or suffixes (Balaji Raghavan case, 1996)

Recall pegs

Peg Recall
Highest civilian award Bharat Ratna
Year all four were instituted 1954
First woman Bharat Ratna Indira Gandhi (1971)
First sportsperson Bharat Ratna Sachin Tendulkar (2014)
Padma awards announced on Republic Day
Article on abolition of titles Article 18

Cross-references

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